CHEM 111: General Chemistry I

Uncertainty in measurements, significant figures; Normal distributions, standard deviations; Precision, Accuracy; Propagation of errors in calculations;Bronsted-Lowry concept of acids and bases (≥ 10¯6 M); strong and weak acids/bases; levelling effect of water. pX scale. Hydrolysis of salts (cations and anions). Simple pH calculations for solutions of acids, bases and their salts. Indicators as weak acids/bases and their choice in acid/base titrations, including polyprotic acids/bases; Calculations of pH throughout such titrations;Redox systems: Oxidation states, formal charges. Balancing of Redox reactions; applications. ;Solubility, ionic product constants and Ksp; common-ion effect. Selective precipitation; principles of Mohr and Volhard titrations.