Credit Hours - 3

Objectives

The course is to introduce the fundamentals of transducers as applicable to physiology and explore the human body parameter measurements setups.

Content

This course is designed to introduce students to the working principles of bioinstrumentation. The course focuses on the engineering design of transducers and biosensors; and the integration of these components in electrical circuits to noninvasively record bio-signals. The course will review signal processing techniques and how to apply these techniques to process bio-signal to obtain useful information for clinical and biomedical research applications. Topics to be covered are the design of electronic instrumentation for the recording and analysis of physiological signals, noise and interference, design and analysis of simple amplifiers and filters for signal conditioning, applications of digital filters.

Reading list

• Christe, B. L., (2009). Introduction to Biomedical Instrumentation: The Technology of Patient Care (1st Ed.). Cambridge Printing Press. 
• Cromwell, L, Weibell, F. F, Pfeiffer, E. A., (1980). Biomedical instrumentation and measurements (2nd Ed.). Eaglewood Cliffs. 
• Dorf, R. C., (2006). The Electrical Engineering Handbook Series: Sensors, Nanoscience, Biomedical Engineering, and Instruments. CRC Press.
• Northrop, R. B., (2012). The Biomedical Engineering Series: Analysis and Application of Analog Electronic Circuits to Biomedical Instrumentation. CRC PRESS.
• Prutchi, D., & Norris., M., (2004). Design and Development of Medical Electronic Instrumentation: A Practical Perspective of the Design, Construction, and Test of Medical Devices. Wiley & Sons. 

Credit Hours - 3

Objectives

This course is aimed at introducing students to practical applications of Materials Science, Engineering fundamentals, Physics, Chemistry, General Biology, Anatomy and Physiology to the development and use of materials in the biological environment. By the end of the course students should be able to classify various materials based on their internal structure and distinguish among the various classes of solid materials, discuss materials used for medical applications and identify the strengths and weaknesses associated with their use, describe and predict tissue response to a given implant/ biomaterial, identify and select appropriate sterilization methods for implants/biomaterials, and suggest and design appropriate tests for tissue compatibility.

Content

This is a course that highlights the various classes of materials currently used in biomedicine and discusses the properties that make them suitable for their specific applications.  Additionally, students are guided on the decision-making processes, including considerations for testing and regulation, which must be undertaken in order to select materials for specified biomedical applications. Topics covered include: Application of concepts of atomic and molecular structure to understanding the chemical and physical properties of materials, analysis of both natural and synthetic materials in the biological environment, metallic implants, ceramic implants, polymer implants, tissue response to implants and sterilization.

Reading list

• Bronzino, J. D., (Ed.) (2000). The Biomedical Engineering Handbook (2nd Ed.). CRC Press
• Scully, J. C., (1990). The Fundamentals of Corrosion (3rd Ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann
• Park, J. & Lakes, R. S., (2007). Biomaterials—an Introduction (3rd Ed.). New York: Springer Science + Business Media
• Ratner, B. D. et al., (2012). Biomaterials Science: An Introduction to Materials in Medicine (3rd Ed.). San Diego: Elsevier Academic Press
• Yock, P. G. et al., (2015). Biodesign: The Process of Innovating Medical Technologies (2nd Ed.) Cambridge University Press

Credit Hours - 3

Objectives

This course is to introduce students to practical engineering design, decision making processes and the rational selection of materials for biomedical applications. By the end of the course, students should be able to distinguish between Science and Engineering and the products of scientific and engineering endeavor, recognize the steps of a systematic engineering design process, identify and formulate problems for solution using engineering design skills, and conduct a comprehensive product analysis, apply the engineering design process to design a product satisfying a specified need and use knowledge of materials properties and processing to specify and select appropriate materials for a designed product and demonstrate improved teamwork, writing and presentation skills.

Content

The ability to design is an essential requirement for all engineering curricula. This course provides an opportunity for students to learn and apply the systematic steps of the engineering design process. The selection of materials to meet specific design specifications will be taught. Emphasis will be placed on design and selection of materials for biomedical applications. Topics covered include: Design and selection of engineering materials for the biomedical environment, principles of fabrication, processing and clinical application, systematic steps of the engineering design process, rational selection of materials to meet specific design specifications and students will design a specific device.

Reading list

• Yock, P. G. et al. (2015). Biodesign: The Process of Innovating Medical Technologies (2nd ed.) Cambridge University Press
• Ashby, M. et al. (2013). Materials Engineering, Science, Processing and Design (3rd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd
• King, P. H. et al. (2014). Design of Biomedical Devices and Systems (3rd ed.). CRC Press
• Budinski, K. G. & Budinski, M. K. (2009). Engineering Materials (9th ed.). Prentice-Hall
• Haik, Y. et al. (2010). Engineering Design Process (2nd ed.). Cengage Learning
• Norman, D. A. (2013) The Design of Everyday Things (Revised Edition). Basic Books

Credit Hours - 3

Objectives

At the end of the course students will be able to identify relationships between structure and function in tissues, predict which muscles are responsible for controlling movement, describe motions of the body during typical activities and evaluate studies of human movement.

Content

This course is an introduction meant to provide the basic background in biomechanics to biomedical engineering undergraduate students. The course focuses on an overview of the human musculoskeletal system, the mechanical properties and structural behavior of biological tissues, and bio-dynamics and treats the concepts of mechanics as applied to human movement, such as in exercise, sport, and physical activity. Topics to be covered are the application of statics and dynamics to do simple force analyses of the musculoskeletal system, mechanical analysis to biological tissues, biomechanics of soft and hard tissues, microstructure, mechanical and viscoelastic properties, and biomechanics of injury.

Reading list

• Enderle, J. & Bronzino, J. D., (2012). Introduction to Biomedical Engineering (3rd Ed.). ScienceDirect.
• Ethier, C. R. & Simmons, C. A., (2007). Introductory Biomechanics: From Cells to Organisms. Cambridge Press.
• Fung Y. C., (1993). Biomechanics: Mechanical Properties of Living Tissues. Springer.
• Hall S. J., (2019). Basic Biomechanics (8th Ed.). Mc Graw Hill.
• Knudson, D., (2007). Fundamentals of Biomechanics (1st Ed.). Springer. 

Credit Hours - 3

Objectives

To introduce students to principles and considerations for the safe design of biomechanical devices for biomedical applications. At the end of the course, students should be able to apply design principles to the development of biomechanical devices, evaluate and make decisions regarding the safety of devices in terms of failure, evaluate and make decisions on choice of elements and processes for a given application, understand and apply knowledge of different mechanical fabrication methods and perform FEA and evaluate the results in relation to a biomechanical application. 

Content

This course introduces students to the fundamental principles of design of biomechanical devices. Students will be introduced to the six simple machines used in all mechanical systems, systematic processes involved in engineering design, mathematical calculations involved in engineering design, failure theories and types of failures of mechanical systems. Students will also be introduced to finite element analysis and its application in mechanical design testing; and will be taken through safety considerations when designing mechanical systems for medical applications. 

Reading list

• Childs, P.R.N., (2014).  Mechanical Design, 2nd edition. Elsevier. 
• Haik, Y., Shahin, T.M. & Sivaloganathan, S., (2010). Engineering Design Process. Cengage Learning. 
• Joseph E. Shigley & Charles R. M., (2004). Standard Handbook for Machine Design (Second Edition). 
• Juvinall, R.C. & Marshek, K.M., (2011). Fundamentals of Machine Component Design, 5th Edition. John Wiley & Sons. 
• Logan, D.L., (2007). First Course in the Finite Element Method. Thomson.
• Norton, R.L., (2006).  Machine Design: An Integrated Approach. Pearson Prentice Hall. 
• Ullman, D., (2009).  The Mechanical Design Process. McGraw-Hill Education. 

Credit Hours - 3

Objectives

At the end of the course, students will be able to understand the diversity of molecular basis of cellular processes and how their interrelationships in living systems provide coordinated function especially in eukaryotic systems, initiate and further develop the process of inquiry-based learning and discovery in science, establish the basic skills to explore and assess their interests in the fields of molecular and cellular sciences for career opportunities and gain fundamental knowledge to facilitate the systematic process of problem solving in molecular and cell biology.

Content

The course explains the diversity and functions of the molecular systems to the biomedical engineer for the purpose of solving health related problems. This course examines morphology of cellular structure & function at the molecular level, membrane architecture and receptor signaling. Other topics that will be covered include small molecules and macromolecules, molecular organization of cells, genetic mechanisms, energy conversion, cellular compartments, control of gene expression, signaling, cell growth and division, and multicellular organisms and systems. 

Reading list

• Albert B., Johnson A., Lewis J., Morgan D., Raff M., Roberts K. & Walter P., (2015). Molecular Biology of the Cell, Fifth Edition. 
• Brown T. A., (2016). Gene Cloning and DNA Analysis, Sixth Edition
• Campbell M. K., & Farrell S. O., (2013). Biochemistry, Eighth Edition.
• Clemente C. D., (2011). Anatomy: A Regional Atlas of the Human Body.
• Lodish H., Berk A, Kaiser C. A., Kreiger M., Scott M. P., Breitscher A., Ploegh H., & Matsudaira P., (2007). Molecular Biology of the Cell, Sixth Edition. 
• Weaver R. F., (2012).  Molecular Biology. Fifth Edition. 

Credit Hours - 3

Objectives

This course is aimed at introducing students to engineering research exposure and skill building focused on the scientific process and nature of discovery. At the end of the course, the student should have the ability to follow scientific process and discovery, define research topics, review literature, and formulate research questions, prepare research proposals and prepare experimental plans within an ethical conduct of research and communicate and make presentations.

Content

This is an introductory course to research for undergraduate students. Students would be introduced to the definition and goals of research, research design as well as to qualitative and quantitative methods applied in engineering research. The course will culminate in the preparation of a research proposal using knowledge acquired from the course. This will equip students with knowledge of different facets of research and the ability to apply this knowledge to a biomedical engineering research question.

Topics covered include: Definition and goals of research, the scientific method and research process, and engineering research ethics.

Reading list

• Cresswell, J. W., (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches: SAGE Publications. 
• Wallwork, A., (2011). English for Writing Research Papers: Springer US. 
• Teddlie, C., & Tashakkori, A., (2009). Foundations of Mixed Methods Research: Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches in the Social and Behavioral Sciences: SAGE Publications. 
• Trochim, W., & Donnelly, J. P., (2006). The Research Methods Knowledge Base: Cengage Learning. 
• Neville, C., (2010). The Complete Guide to Referencing and Avoiding Plagiarism: McGraw-Hill Education. 

Credit Hours - 1

Objective

To ensure the student understand the working relations in an industrial setting as operations in industrial.

Content

This course is designed to offer students the practical hands-on experience attachment with industry. The department through the Internship Coordinator, arranges with engineering establishments throughout the country for students to have their practical training during the long vacation. Students do a six-week practical attachment training with industry under strict supervision. At the end of the training, students submit written reports which must be endorsed by their supervisors to the Internship Coordinator. 

Credit Hours - 3

Objectives

This course is aimed at introducing students to the basics of designing in-vitro tissue constructs for various organ replacements using stem cells and tissue scaffolds. After completion of the course, students should be able to describe the principles of tissue engineering, describe clinical applications of tissue engineered products in regenerative medicine, define the importance of scaffold in tissue engineering and describe scaffold fabrication techniques, identify and formulate problems for solution using tissue engineering design skills and use knowledge of materials properties and processing to specify and select appropriate materials for a tissue scaffold. 

Content

This is an introductory course on Tissue Engineering.  Specifically, the enabling technologies from the multidisciplinary fields of Materials Science, Biotechnology and Engineering Design will be discussed.  Students will be made aware of the multifaceted decision-making processes that underlie the choices of synthetic or natural, living or non-living materials in the quest to design and develop functional tissues and organs. Topics covered include cell and Molecular Biology, cellular therapies, delivery of cell therapies in a clinical setting, principles of tissue engineering, stem cells, scaffold materials and fabrication, growth factors, basic and core techniques of Biotechnology, and medical applications of Biotechnology.

Reading list

• Acquaah, G., (2004). Understanding Biotechnology (1st Ed.). Pearson/Prentice Hall
• Bronzino, J. D., (Ed.) (2000). The Biomedical Engineering Handbook (2nd ed.). CRC Press
• Clark, D. P. & Pazdernik, N. J. (2015). Biotechnology (2nd Ed..). Academic Cell
• Lodish, H. et al., (2012). Molecular Cell Biology (7th Ed.).  W. H. Freeman and Company 
• Van Blitterswijk, C. et al., (2008). Tissue Engineering (Academic Press Series in Biomedical Engineering. Academic Press
• Van Blitterswijk, C. & de Boer, J., (2014). Tissue Engineering (2nd ed.). Academic Press
• Viqi Wagner (ed.) (2008). Biomedical Ethics. Greenhaven Press

Credit Hours - 3

Objectives

This course is aimed at equipping students to understand the relevant local issues in biomedical engineering pertaining to Ghana and being able to apply biomedical engineering design principles and scientific enquiry to address local biomedical problems. Students must be able to apply the fundamental principles, concepts and theories underlying biomedical engineering design and analysis to address local healthcare problems, identify local healthcare problems and use engineering design principles as well as skills to address the problems, know of the historical perspectives of the major developments in the biomedical field, have knowledge of the ethical and moral standards pertaining to engineering practice and identify the specific engineering mechanisms underlying biomedical devices commonly used in the healthcare sector in Ghana.

Content

The course is for third-year biomedical engineering undergraduate students to discuss local issues in biomedical engineering and how both local solutions and innovative engineering concepts can be leveraged to augment healthcare delivery and bioengineering. This will help students understand the relevant local issues in biomedical engineering in Ghana to apply biomedical engineering design principles and scientific enquiry to address local biomedical problems. Topics covered include discussion of issues relevant to Ghana, the role of biomedical engineers in Ghana, general overview of biomedical engineering in Ghana, biomedical engineering for Africa, ethics and moral integrity in biomedical engineering practice and research.

Reading list

• Amissah, R., Atchurey, A., Appiah, L., Fiakumah, E., Gyapong-Korsah, E., Boadu, J., Kaufmann, E. E., (2013). “Biomedical engineering in Ghana”. European Scientific
  Journal, Vol. 9 No. 9, pp. 171–182 
• Malkin, A. R., (2007), “Design of Health Care Technologies for the Developing World”, Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, Vol. 9 No. 1, pp. 567-587 
• Mohedas, I., Kaufmann, E. E., Daly, S. R., & Sienko, K. H., (2015). “Ghanaian undergraduate biomedical engineering students’ perceptions of their discipline and career opportunities”, Global Journal of Engineering Education, Vol. 17 No. 1, pp. 34–41.
• Ploss, B. & Reichert, W. Ann Biomed Eng (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-017-1897-2
• Zienna, J. (2013). “Biomedical Engineering in Africa; Evolution of Biomedical/Clinical Engineering in Ghana Health Sector”. International Federation of Medical and Biological Engineering news, No 92, April-June 2013.

Credit Hours - 3

Objectives

The primary goal of this course is to teach the student how to analyze the mechanisms that underline the complex control dynamics of biomedical systems using a combination of noninvasive instrumentation and computational modeling. After active participation in this course, students will learn how to develop mathematical model of control mechanisms of biomedical systems, apply control system theory to the mathematical models, apply various signal processing techniques to specific biomedical applications and perform computational analysis using two software tools such as EXCEL and MATLAB.

Content

This is an introductory course in linear systems analysis and the modeling of physiological control systems. It involves the use of mathematical theory and computers to understand complex biological and physiological processes. The course will provide students with fundamental skills for modeling biomedical systems and applying control theory to biological phenomena. The topics covered include rudiments of linear and control systems theory and their applications to biomedical phenomena, elements of mathematical modeling as applied to biological/physiological systems and signals analysis of biomedical systems.

Reading list

• Cobelli, C. & Carson, E., (2008). Introduction to Modeling in Physiology and Medicine: Elsevier Science.
• Haefner, J.W., (2005). Modeling Biological Systems: Principles and Applications: Springer.
• Van Meurs, W. L., (2011). Modeling and Simulation in Biomedical Engineering: Applications in Cardiorespiratory Physiology: McGraw-Hill Education.
• Karris, S.T., (2011). Introduction to Simulink: With Engineering Applications: Orchard Publications. 
• Nise, N.S., (2011). Control Systems Engineering, Sixth: John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated
• Semmlow, J. L., (2012). Signals and Systems for Bioengineers: A MATLAB-based Introduction. Elsevier Academic Press. 

Credit Hours - 3

Objective

This course provides students with the mathematical analysis techniques required for solving numerical problems encountered in the field of engineering. It promotes the use of MATLAB for solving mathematical problems that require numerical solutions.

Content

The course involves matrices, linear homogeneous systems, and eigenvectors and values. Numerical methods and errors, stability, and convergence. Solving systems of linear equations: Gaussian elimination, Gauss-Jordan, LU decomposition methods. Solving nonlinear equations: Fixed point iteration, bisection method, false position method, secant, and Newton Raphson method. Curve-fitting and interpolation: Lagrange and Newton’s polynomial.

Reading list

• Chapra, S. C., (2017). Applied Numerical Methods with MATLAB for Engineers and Scientists (4th Ed.). McGraw Hill Education.
• Chapra S. C. & Canale R. P., (2014). Numerical Methods for Engineers (7th Ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
• Esfandiari, R. S., (2017). Numerical Methods for Engineers and Scientists using MATLAB (2nd Ed.). CRC Press.
• Faires, J. D. & Burden, R. L., (2012). Numerical Methods (4th Ed.). Cengage Learning
• Khoury, R. & Wilhem, D., (2016). Numerical Methods and Modelling for Engineers. Harder.
• Sauer T., (2017). Numerical Analysis (3rd Ed.). Pearson.
• Vinay V., (2018). Numerical Analysis: A Programming Approach. BPB Publications.

Credit Hours - 3

Objective

This course introduces students to the concept of probability and statistics for engineering application. 

Content

Topics include probability functions axioms and rules, counting techniques, conditional probability, independence, and mutually exclusive events. Discrete Random Variable: Expectation and variance, Binomial distribution, Hypergeometric distribution, Poisson distribution, the relationship between Poisson and Binomial. Continuous Random Variable: Percentiles and cumulative distribution function, expectation and variance, uniform distribution, normal distribution, exponential distribution, and other distributions. Joint Distributions. Covariance and Correlation. Sampling Distributions: Distributions of statistics, central limit theorem, samples from normal distribution (t-distribution, X2 distribution, and F-distributions). Estimation: Common point estimators, interval estimators. Hypothesis Testing. Introduction to Regression Analysis. Engineering applications in quality control, process control, communication systems and speech recognition.

Reading list

• Edwards, R. V. (2006). Processing random data: Statistics for engineers and scientists. World Scientific Publishing.
• Montgomery, D. C. & Runger, G.C. (2018). Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, 7th Edition. Wiley.
• Navidi, W. (2009). Principles of Statistics for Engineers and Scientists. McGraw-Hill Education.
• Ross, S. M. (2014). Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists, 5th Edition. Academic Press. 
• Song, T.T. (2007). Fundamentals of Probability and Statistics for Engineers, 1st edition. Wiley.

Credit Hours - 2

Objective

To provide students with a fundamental understanding of economic concepts and principles applicable to engineering. 

Content

Topics to be covered include an introduction to making economic decisions, supply, demand, and equilibrium in economics. Concept of engineering economics: economic efficiency, engineering efficiency, marginal costs and revenues, opportunity and sunk costs, break-even analysis, economic analysis involving material. Decision making and value engineering: value engineering procedure, interest formula, and applications in time value of money. Evaluation of alternatives and methods: present and future worth methods, an annual equivalent method, and rate of return method. Sensitivity analysis. Computer-aided engineering economics using spreadsheets. 

Reading list

• Singh, S. (2014). Economics for Engineering Students. 2nd Ed. I. K. International Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.
• White, J. J., Case, K. E., & Pratt, D. B. (2012). Principles of Engineering Economic Analysis, 5th Ed. Wiley & Sons. Hoboken
• Riggs, J. (2004). Engineering Economics. McGraw Hill Publishing, NY.
• Sullivan, W. G., Wicks, E. M. & Koelling, C. P. (2014). Engineering Economy. Pearson, NY.
• Blank, L. & Tarquin, A. (2020). Basics of Engineering Economy, 3rd Ed., McGraw-Hill.
• Newnan, D. G., Eschenbach, T. G., and Lavelle, J. P. (2017). Engineering Economic Analysis, 13th Ed. Oxford University Press.