Definitions: Human excreta, night soil, sanitary waste, degradability and sewerage.
Principles: Prevention of risk of exposure (hygienic handling), treatment to reduce hazardousness and facilitate disposal. Collection and transportation (cartage, sewerage).Treatment methods and systems: On/off site systems, types of facilities (toilets, urinals).Final disposal methods (land, water, sea disposal)
Institutional Arrangements: Relevant organizations and stakeholders: Central Government (Ministry of Water Resources, Works and Housing, EPA, District/Local Government, Waste Collection Service Providers, Households, establishment of district departments/units to regulate services, sector organization.