Definition: Water resources, source of supply, portability, safeness etc.
Sources of Water Supply (Water resources): Sources: Surface water (rivers, lakes, dams, ponds, lagoons, sea water); Ground water (springs, water table); Rain water.
Uses of Water Resources: Human physiological requirement; Domestic (personal hygiene, food preparation, waste disposal); Industrial and commercial (manufacturing, food and drink services); Agricultural (irrigation, crop watering, etc); Public cleansing (drain cleansing); Fire fighting.
Water Associated Diseases: (i) Water’s role in disease transmission (ii) Classification of water-associated diseases (water-borne, water-based, water-washed, water-related)
Water Purification: Purpose: Provision of safe water for drinking; production of water meeting industrial standards.Methods of Source Protection: Protection of sources of supply (springs, rivers, etc); Household methods (boiling, cloth filtration, chemical disinfection, etc); Conventional water treatment
Drinking Water (Quality) Standards: Parameters (Bacteriological, physical, chemical, radiological); Indicators and limit setting.
Water Supply Development: Classification of schemes: Rural Water Supply (sanitary wells, bore-hole supply, springs); small town supply (limited pipe-borne distribution; Urban supply (pipe-borne supply.